![]() The physicians and nurses are experts in monitoring and treating any side effects which may arise and will provide patients with education as to which side effects may occur before your treatment begins. Each individual’s experience with side effects will be different. ![]() While modern therapy for myeloma is often very tolerable, there are a number of side unwanted side effects that can occur. Research and Clinical Trials Toggle Research and Clinical Trials menu options.Referring Physicians Toggle Referring Physicians menu options.Your First Visit Toggle Your First Visit menu options.Understanding and Managing Side Effects.Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Disorder Treatment.Diagnosing Multiple Myeloma and Other Plasma Cell Disorders.Risk Factors for Multiple Myeloma and Other Plasma Cell Disorders.Precursor Conditions to Multiple Myeloma.Other Plasma Cell Disorders Toggle Other Plasma Cell Disorders menu options.About Multiple Myeloma, Amyloidosis, and Other Plasma Cell Disorders.For Patients Toggle For Patients menu options.Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: A Comprehensive Review. In: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2015. Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. In: DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Therapy for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma: Guidelines From the Mayo Stratification for Myeloma and Risk-Adapted Therapy. 2017 ASCO EDUCATIONAL BOOK.ĭingli D et al. Hematologic Malignancies: Plasma Cell Disorders. ![]() GVHD can affect any part of the body and can be life threatening.ĭhodapkar MV et al. This occurs when the new immune cells (from the donor) see the patient’s tissues as foreign and attack them. The most serious side effect from allogeneic transplants is graft-versus-host disease (or GVHD). One of the most serious side effects is low blood counts, which can lead to risks of serious infections and bleeding. ![]() The early side effects from a stem cell transplant (SCT) are similar to those from chemotherapy and radiation, only more severe. At this time, allogeneic transplants are not considered a standard treatment for myeloma, but may be done as a part of a clinical trial. In studies of multiple myeloma patients, those who got allogeneic transplants often did worse in the short term than those who got autologous transplants. That’s because transplanted (donor) cells may actually help destroy myeloma cells. Allogeneic transplants are much riskier than autologous transplants, but they may be better at fighting the cancer. The best treatment results occur when the donor’s cells are closely matched to the patient’s cell type and the donor is closely related to the patient, such as a brother or sister. In an allogeneic stem cell transplant, the patient gets blood-forming stem cells from another person – the donor. The drawback is that it causes more side effects and as a result can be riskier. Studies show that this may help some patients more than a single transplant. This approach is called tandem transplant. Some doctors recommend that patients with multiple myeloma have 2 autologous transplants, 6 to 12 months apart. Although an autologous transplant can make the myeloma go away for a time (even years), it doesn’t cure the cancer, and often the myeloma returns. This type of transplant is a standard treatment for patients with multiple myeloma. When this is complete, their stored stem cells are given back into their blood through a vein. Then, the person with myeloma gets treatment such as high-dose chemotherapy, sometimes with radiation, to kill the cancer cells. The cells are stored until they are needed for the transplant. Autologous transplantsįor an autologous stem cell transplant, the patient’s own stem cells are removed from the bone marrow or peripheral blood before the transplant. Stem cell transplants (SCT) can be autologous or allogeneic. (See Drug Therapy for Multiple Myeloma).) Before the transplant, drug treatment is used to reduce the number of myeloma cells in the patient’s body. Stem cell transplant is commonly used to treat multiple myeloma. Now, stem cells are more often collected from blood (a peripheral blood stem cell transplant). When stem cell transplants were first developed, the new stem cells came from bone marrow, and so this was known as a bone marrow transplant. Then the patient receives new, healthy blood-forming stem cells. In a stem cell transplant, the patient gets high-dose chemotherapy to kill the cells in the bone marrow.
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